Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Proto-Indo-European *kauput-

→ English head (derived)
→ English chief (derived)
→ English chef (derived)
→ English chieftain (derived)
→ Old English heafod (derived)
→ Catalan cap (derived)
→ Cebuano hepe (derived)
→ Esperanto ĉefo (derived)
→ Spanish cabo (derived)
→ Faroese høvd (derived)
→ French chef (derived)
→ Indonesian sep (derived)
→ Icelandic höfuð (derived)
→ Italian capo (derived)
→ Norwegian Bokmål hode (derived)
→ Norwegian Nynorsk hovud (inherited)
→ Old Norse hǫfuð (derived)
→ Norman chef (derived)
→ Polish kapo (derived)
→ Polish szef (derived)
→ Portuguese capítulo (derived)
→ Portuguese chefe (derived)
→ Portuguese cabo (derived)
→ Portuguese capitalismo (mention)
→ Portuguese capacete (mention)
→ Portuguese capuz (mention)
→ Romanian cap (derived)
→ Russian капитулировать (derived)
→ Scots heid (derived)
→ Scots chieftain (derived)
→ Swedish huvud (derived)