Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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German Kerl
← Danish karl (cognate)
← English churl (cognate)
← Proto-Germanic *karilaz (derived)
← Proto-Germanic *karlaz (cognate)
← Proto-Germanic *karilaz (mention)
← Middle Low German kerl (borrowed)
← Old High German karal (cognate)
← Dutch kerel (cognate)
← Old Norse karl (cognate)

→ English Charles (cognate)
→ English churl (cognate)
→ English Kerl (borrowed)
→ Old English ceorl (cognate)
→ Belarusian карлік (cognate)
→ Danish karl (cognate)
→ German Mistkerl (compound)
→ German Scheißkerl (affix)
→ German Dreckskerl (affix)
→ German Dreckkerl (affix)
→ German Saukerl (compound)
→ German Kerlchen (suffix)
→ German Ker (mention)
→ German Pfundskerl (compound)
→ German Mordskerl (compound)
→ German Prachtkerl (compound)
→ Luxembourgish Kärel (cognate)
→ Dutch kerel (cognate)
→ Pennsylvania German Kall (cognate)
→ Russian карлик (cognate)
→ Saterland Frisian Käärel (cognate)