Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Turkic *kiāl-

→ Arabic قلعة (derived)
→ Azerbaijani qalmaq (inherited)
→ Bashkir ҡалыу (inherited)
→ Kumyk къалмакъ (inherited)
→ Turkish kalmak (inherited)
→ Tuvan калыр (inherited)
→ Karakhanid قَلْماقْ (inherited)