Turkish kalmak

← Ottoman Turkish قالمق (inherited)

← Old Turkic 𐰴𐰞 (cognate)

← Old Uyghur qʾlmʾq (cognate)

← Proto-Turkic *kiāl- (inherited)

← Karakhanid قَلْماقْ (cognate)

→ Azerbaijani qalmaq (cognate)

→ Kazakh қалмақ (cognate)

→ Ottoman Turkish قالیق (mention)

→ Turkish -er (mention)

→ Turkish -im (mention)

→ Turkish kalık (mention)

→ Turkish -akalmak (mention)

→ Turkish -ekalmak (mention)

→ Turkish kalakalmak (affix)

→ Tuvan калыр (cognate)

→ Karakhanid قَلْماقْ (cognate)