←
Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (cognate)
←
Turkish kağan (cognate)
←
Turkish hakan (cognate)
→
Arabic Hakan (derived(ar/tr))
→
Persian خاقان (derived)
→
Mongolian хаан (cognate)
→
Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (cognate)
→
Ottoman Turkish خان (cognate)
→
Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣𐰞𐰍 (mention)
→
Russian каган (cognate)