Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
Karakhanid
←
English
khan
(cognate)
←
Persian
قراخانیان
(derived)
←
Old Turkic
𐰴𐰺𐰀
(derived)
←
Old Turkic
𐰴𐰍𐰣
(mention)
←
Proto-Turkic
*kara
(derived)