Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Arabic
خاقان
→
Arabic
خان
(doublet)
→
Old Turkic
𐰴𐰍𐰣
(cognate)
→
Turkish
Hakan
(derived)