Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Bactrian
χοαδηο
←
Proto-Iranian
*hwatā́wā
(inherited)
→
English
khedive
(derived)
→
Persian
خدا
(cognate)
→
Persian
خاتون
(borrowed)
→
Middle Persian
خدیو
(borrowed(pal/fa))