Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Iranian
*hwatā́wā
→
Persian
خدا
(inherited)
→
Persian
خاتون
(derived)
→
Sanskrit
स्वतवस्
(cognate)
→
Bactrian
χοαδηο
(inherited)