Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Portuguese jugo
Proto-Indo-European *yugóm (inherited)
Proto-Italic *jugom (inherited)
Latin jugum (inherited)
Latin iugum (mention)
Old Portuguese jugo (inherited)

Spanish yugo (cognate)
Galician xugo (cognate)
Portuguese ioga (mention)