Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
car
←
Proto-Germanic
*kaisaraz
(derived)
←
Latin
Caesar
(derived)
←
Polish
cesarz
(doublet)
←
Russian
царь
(borrowed)
←
Proto-Slavic
*cěsařь
(derived)
→
Polish
Car
(mention)
→
Polish
caryca
(affix)
→
Polish
cesarz
(doublet)
→
Polish
carobójca
(affix)