Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Iranian *cwáHdaH

→ Persian Isfahan (derived(fa/en))
→ Persian اصفهان (derived)
→ Persian سپاه (mention)
→ Ossetian ӕфсад (inherited)
→ Middle Persian spʿh (derived)
→ Old Armenian սպայ (derived)
→ Old Armenian սպարապետ (mention)
→ Parthian 𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫅 (inherited)