Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Old Armenian սպայ
Proto-Iranian *cwáHdaH (derived)
Middle Persian *spāy (borrowed)
Old Persian *spādaʰ (derived)
Old Median *spādah (derived)

Armenian սպա (learned borrowing)
Old Armenian սպարապետ (mention)
Old Armenian սպարապետ (mention)
Old Armenian սպայապետ (compound)