Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Hindi
पर्वत
←
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*párwatas
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-Aryan
*párwatas
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*pérwr̥
(derived)
←
Sanskrit
पर्वत
(learned borrowing)
→
Hindi
पर्वतीय
(affix)