Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
castelo
←
Latin
castellum
(inherited)
←
Latin
castrum
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
castelo
(inherited)
→
Galician
castelán
(suffix)
→
Galician
Castelo
(mention)
→
Galician
casteleiro
(suffix)