Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Irish scáth
Proto-Celtic *skātom (inherited)
Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃- (derived)
Old Irish scáth (inherited)

English shadow (cognate)
Old English sceadu (cognate)
Welsh cysgod (cognate)
Irish scáthán (affix)
Irish scáthaigh (affix)
Irish scáthchruth (affix)
Irish scáthach (affix)