Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Celtic *skātom

→ Welsh ysgaw (cognate)
→ Welsh cysgod (inherited)
→ Irish scáth (inherited)
→ Scottish Gaelic sgàth (inherited)
→ Manx scaa (inherited)
→ Cornish skaw (cognate)
→ Old Irish scáth (inherited)