Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Spanish
caudillo
←
Latin
caput
(inherited)
←
Old Spanish
cabdiello
(inherited)
→
English
caudillo
(borrowed)
→
Catalan
cabdill
(mention)
→
Catalan
cabdell
(cognate)
→
Spanish
acaudillar
(affix)
→
Spanish
caudillaje
(suffix)
→
Spanish
caudillazgo
(suffix)
→
Spanish
caudillismo
(suffix)
→
Spanish
caudillista
(affix)
→
Spanish
caudillesco
(affix)
→
French
caudillo
(borrowed)
→
Portuguese
caudilho
(borrowed)