Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old Spanish
cabdiello
←
Latin
capitulum
(inherited)
←
Latin
caput
(mention)
→
Spanish
caudillo
(inherited)
→
Portuguese
caudilho
(derived)