Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
shatranj
←
Arabic
شَطْرَنْج
(borrowed)
←
Persian
شترنگ
(derived)
←
Sanskrit
चतुरङ्ग
(derived)