English punishment

← English punish (affix)

← English -ment (affix)

← English - (cognate)

← English punishing (mention)

← English punition (mention)

← Middle English punishement (inherited)

← Middle English punyschment (mention)

← Middle English punyschement (mention)

← Middle English ponyshemente (mention)

← Old French punissement (derived)

← Old French punir (mention)

← Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (root)

→ English telishment (cognate)

→ English antipunishment (prefix)

→ English unpunishment (prefix)

→ English overpunishment (prefix)

→ English funishment (blend)

→ English counterpunishment (prefix)

→ English punishmental (suffix)

→ English nonpunishment (prefix)

→ Indonesian balas (link)

→ Norwegian Bokmål straff (link)

→ Portuguese pena (link)