Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
head man
←
Old English
hēafod-mann
(inherited)
←
German
Hauptmann
(cognate)
←
English
head
(affix)
←
English
man
(affix)
←
Middle English
hede man
(inherited)
←
Middle English
hedeman
(mention)
←
Middle English
hæfd-man
(mention)
←
Middle English
hæfedd mann
(mention)
←
Proto-Germanic
*haubudamann-
(inherited)
←
Proto-Germanic
*haubidamann-
(mention)
←
Dutch
hoofdman
(cognate)
←
Swedish
huvudman
(cognate)
→
Portuguese
cabo
(link)