Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Turkic *sogan

→ Azerbaijani soğan (inherited)
→ Bashkir һуған (derived)
→ Crimean Tatar soğan (inherited)
→ Persian سوخ (derived)
→ Mongolian сонгино (borrowed)
→ Ottoman Turkish صوغان (inherited)
→ Turkish soğan (inherited)
→ Old Armenian սոխ (cognate)