Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Turkish av
← Ottoman Turkish آو (inherited)
← Proto-Turkic *āb (derived)

→ Azerbaijani ov (cognate)
→ Bashkir ау (cognate)
→ Mongolian ав (cognate)
→ Old Turkic 𐰉 (cognate)
→ Turkish avlamak (suffix)
→ Turkish avcı (affix)
→ Karakhanid ااڤْ (cognate)