Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Sanskrit
वर्धति
←
Avestan
𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*Hwárdʰati
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-Aryan
*Hwárdʰati
(inherited)
→
Avestan
𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌
(cognate)
→
Hindi
आवर्धन
(derived)
→
Latvian
rast
(cognate)