←
Ancient Greek χθών (cognate)
←
Ancient Greek σθένος (cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšamH- (inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-Aryan *ḍẓʰáHs (inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm (inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European (inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European *segʷʰ- (mention)
→
Sanskrit क्षमा (suffix)