Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
penal
←
German
Pennal
(derived)
←
English
penal
(link)
←
Latin
poenalis
(inherited)
←
Latin
penna
(mention)
←
Portuguese
pena
(affix)
←
Portuguese
-al
(affix)
←
Portuguese
pênalti
(mention)
←
Russian
пенал
(mention)