Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
ombro
←
Proto-Indo-European
*h₃émsos
(derived)
←
Latin
umerus
(inherited)
←
Portuguese
úmero
(doublet)
←
Old Portuguese
ombro
(inherited)
→
Galician
ombro
(cognate)
→
Kabuverdianu
onbru
(derived)
→
Portuguese
úmero
(doublet)