Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
úmero
←
Proto-Indo-European
*h₃émsos
(derived)
←
Latin
umerus
(derived)
←
Portuguese
ombro
(doublet)
→
Portuguese
ombro
(doublet)