Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
duo
←
Proto-Indo-European
*dwóh₁
(derived)
←
Italian
duo
(borrowed)
←
Proto-Italic
*duō
(derived)
←
Latin
duo
(derived)
←
Polish
dwa
(doublet)
→
Polish
dwa
(doublet)