Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Pali
pañca
←
Proto-Indo-European
*pénkʷe
(inherited)
←
Sanskrit
पञ्चन्
(inherited)
→
Pali
caturāsīti
(mention)
→
Thai
เบญจา
(derived)