Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old Norse
regnbogi
←
Proto-Germanic
*regnabugô
(inherited)
←
Old Norse
regn
(compound)
←
Old Norse
bogi
(compound)
→
Old English
regnboga
(cognate)
→
Danish
regnbue
(derived)
→
Icelandic
regnbogi
(inherited)
→
Norwegian Bokmål
regnbue
(derived)
→
Norwegian Bokmål
regnboge
(derived)
→
Norwegian Nynorsk
regnboge
(derived)
→
Swedish
regnbåge
(derived)