Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Danish regnbue
Danish regn (compound)
Danish bue (compound)
Proto-Germanic *regnabugô (derived)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰewgʰ- (root)
Old Norse regnbogi (derived)

English rainbow (cognate)
Danish regnbuefamilie (affix)