Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Old Norse duga
Proto-Germanic *duganą (inherited)
Proto-Indo-European *dʰedʰówgʰe (inherited)
Proto-Indo-European *dʰewgʰ- (mention)

Danish du (inherited)
German taugen (cognate)
Faroese duga (inherited)
Westrobothnian dåga (inherited)
Old Swedish dugha (inherited)
Old High German tugan (cognate)
Norwegian Bokmål due (derived)
Norwegian Bokmål duge (inherited)
Norwegian Nynorsk duga (inherited)
Old Norse dugnaðr (suffix)
Old Norse atdugnaðr (suffix)
Swedish duga (inherited)