Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Latin iudex
Proto-Indo-European *h₂yew- (root)
Proto-Italic *joudiks (inherited)
Latin iūs (mention)
Latin dīcō (mention)

Aragonese chuez (inherited)
Asturian xuez (derived)
Western Highland Chatino wse (derived)
Middle English juge (derived)
Spanish juez (derived)
Old Spanish juzgo (mention)