Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Kazakh әлем
← Arabic عَالَم (borrowed)
← Bashkir ғәләм (cognate)
← Kazakh ғалам (doublet)
← Kyrgyz аалам (cognate)

→ Arabic عالم (link)
→ Bashkir ғәләм (cognate)
→ Kazakh ғалам (doublet)
→ Kazakh әлемдік (affix)
→ Kazakh әлемсипат (compound)