Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Kazakh
ғалам
←
Arabic
عَالَم
(borrowed)
←
Bashkir
ғәләм
(cognate)
←
Kazakh
әлем
(doublet)
←
Kyrgyz
аалам
(cognate)
→
Kazakh
ғаламшар
(compound)
→
Kazakh
әлем
(doublet)
→
Kazakh
ғаламдық
(affix)
→
Kazakh
ғаламтор
(compound)
→
Kazakh
ғаламдану
(affix)