Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
炭素
←
Danish
kulstof
(cognate)
←
German
Kohlenstoff
(derived)
←
Japanese
炭
(compound)
←
Japanese
素
(compound)
←
Luxembourgish
Kuelestoff
(cognate)
←
Dutch
koolstof
(calque)
→
Japanese
二酸化炭素
(affix)
→
Japanese
炭酸
(mention)
→
Japanese
一酸化炭素
(affix)