Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Italian
grattare
←
Catalan
gratar
(cognate)
←
French
gratter
(cognate)
←
Proto-Germanic
*krattōną
(derived)
←
Piedmontese
graté
(cognate)
→
Catalan
gratar
(cognate)
→
Italian
grattacapo
(blend)
→
Italian
grattatoio
(suffix)
→
Italian
grattatura
(affix)
→
Italian
rigrattare
(prefix)
→
Italian
grattachecca
(compound)
→
Lombard
grattà
(cognate)