Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Italian grattare
Catalan gratar (cognate)
French gratter (cognate)
Proto-Germanic *krattōną (derived)
Piedmontese graté (cognate)

Catalan gratar (cognate)
Italian grattacapo (blend)
Italian grattatoio (suffix)
Italian grattatura (affix)
Italian rigrattare (prefix)
Italian grattachecca (compound)
Lombard grattà (cognate)