Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Italian giogo
Proto-Indo-European *yugóm (inherited)
Proto-Italic *jugom (inherited)
Latin jugum (inherited)
Latin iugum (mention)

Catalan jou (cognate)
Friulian jôf (cognate)
Italian aggiogare (confix)
Italian giogaia (suffix)
Occitan jo (cognate)
Venetian dóvo (cognate)