Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Italian
castigliano
←
Spanish
castellano
(borrowed)
←
Italian
Castiglia
(suffix)
←
Italian
ano
(suffix)
←
Italian
castellano
(doublet)
←
Latin
castellanus
(derived)