Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Indo-European *kéh₃tus

→ Welsh cad (inherited)
→ Irish cath (inherited)
→ Scottish Gaelic cath (inherited)
→ Galician Cadarnoxo (derived)
→ Ancient Greek κότος (derived)
→ Manx cah (inherited)
→ Old Irish cath (inherited)