Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*gaHtHa-
→
English
gatha
(derived)
→
English
Gatha
(derived)
→
Pali
gāthā
(inherited)