Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
Gatha
←
Avestan
𐬔𐬁𐬚𐬁
(borrowed)
←
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*gaHtHa-
(derived)
←
Sanskrit
गाथा
(cognate)
→
English
Gathic
(affix)