Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Pali
gāthā
←
Avestan
𐬔𐬁𐬚𐬁
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*gaHtHa-
(inherited)
←
Sanskrit
गाथा
(derived)
→
Burmese
ဂါထာ
(borrowed)
→
Thai
คาถา
(derived)
→
Chinese
唄
(mention)