Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Ancient Greek ὀρφανός
← Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ- (root)
← Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (inherited)
← Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ- (mention)
← Latin orbus (cognate)
← Sanskrit अर्भ (cognate)
← Old Armenian որբ (cognate)

→ English orphan (derived)
→ English erf (cognate)
→ Old English earfoþe (cognate)
→ Catalan orfe (derived)
→ Coptic ⲟⲣⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ (borrowed)
→ Greek ορφανός (inherited)
→ Esperanto orfo (mention)
→ Spanish huérfano (derived)
→ Finnish orpo (cognate)
→ French orphelin (mention)
→ Galician orfo (derived)
→ Ancient Greek ὀρφώς (mention)
→ Hungarian árva (cognate)
→ Ido orfano (derived)
→ Italian orfano (derived)
→ Latin orbus (cognate)
→ Latin orphanus (derived)
→ Portuguese órfão (derived)
→ Romanian oarfăn (derived)
→ Aromanian oarfãn (derived)
→ Sanskrit अर्भ (cognate)
→ Old Irish erbaid (cognate)
→ Albanian varfër (derived)