Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-West Germanic *-nassī

→ English -ness (inherited)
→ Old English -nes (inherited)
→ German -nis (inherited)
→ Middle English -nesse (inherited)
→ Middle Low German -nisse (inherited)
→ Norwegian Bokmål -else (derived)
→ Norwegian Bokmål anelse (derived)
→ Dutch -nis (inherited)
→ Yiddish ־ניש (inherited)