Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
vixiar
←
Spanish
vigilar
(cognate)
←
Galician
velar
(doublet)
←
Latin
vigilo
(inherited)
←
Portuguese
vigiar
(cognate)
←
Old Portuguese
vigiar
(inherited)
→
Galician
velar
(doublet)