Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
alxofre
←
Arabic
جَوْهَر
(derived)
←
Spanish
aljófar
(cognate)
←
Persian
گوهر
(derived)
←
Portuguese
aljôfar
(cognate)
←
Old Portuguese
aljofre
(inherited)
→
Portuguese
aljôfar
(cognate)