Proto-Germanic *skulaną

→ English shall (mention)

→ Afrikaans sal (inherited)

→ Old English scola (mention)

→ Danish skulle (derived)

→ Danish skyld (mention)

→ German sollen (mention)

→ Middle English schulen (inherited)

→ Faroese skula (derived)

→ Old Swedish skula (inherited)

→ Central Franconian solle (inherited)

→ Old High German scolan (inherited)

→ Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌽 (inherited)

→ Alemannic German solle (inherited)

→ Icelandic skulu (inherited)

→ Luxembourgish sollen (inherited)

→ Norwegian Bokmål skulle (derived)

→ Low German schölen (inherited)

→ Dutch zullen (inherited)

→ Norwegian Nynorsk skulle (inherited)

→ Old Norse skulu (inherited)

→ Old Frisian sille (inherited(ofs/fy))

→ Pennsylvania German solle (inherited)

→ Swedish ska (derived)

→ Swedish skola (inherited)